Evaporation (gpm) = Recirc (gpm) × ΔT (°F) × 0.001 Cycles of Concentration (COC) = Make-up / Blowdown Blowdown (gpm) = Evaporation / (COC – 1) Total Make-up (gpm) = Evaporation + Blowdown + Drift
A review of make-up water systems often highlights specific failure points: make up water in cooling tower
Unintended water loss through system leaks or basin overflows. Common Water Sources Evaporation (gpm) = Recirc (gpm) × ΔT (°F) × 0
The intentional discharge of water to remove concentrated dissolved solids (like calcium and silica) that can cause scaling and corrosion. Success is measured by Cycles of Concentration (CoC)
The goal of a cooling tower manager is not just to "add water," but to add the right amount of right quality water. Success is measured by Cycles of Concentration (CoC) . A system running at low CoC (e.g., 2 cycles) is water-wasteful but chemically safe; a system running at high CoC (e.g., 6+ cycles) is water-efficient but chemically risky.